Key distribution in PKC through Quantas

Cryptography literally means "The art & science of secret writing & sending a message between two parties in such a way that its contents cannot be understood by someone other than the intended recipient". and Quantum word is related with "Light". Thus, Quantum Cryptography is a way of descripting any information in the form of quantum particles. There are no classical cryptographic systems which are perfectly secure. In contrast to Classical cryptography which depends upon Mathematics, Quantum Cryptography utilizes the concepts of Quantum Physics which provides us the security against the cleverest marauders of the present age. In the view of increasing need of Network and Information Security, we do require methods to overcome the Molecular Computing technologies (A future technology) and other techniques of the various codebrakers. Both the parts i.e. Quantum Key distribution and Information transference from Sender to Receiver are much efficient and secure. It is based upon BB84 protocol. It can be of great use for Govt. agencies such as Banks, Insurance, Brokerages firms, financial institutions, e-commerce and most important is the Defense & security of any country. It is a Cryptographic communication system in which the original users can detect unauthorized eavesdropper and in addition it gives a guarantee of no eavesdropping. It proves to be the ultra secure mode of communication b/w two intended parties.Comment: 11 Pages, JGraph-Hoc Journal 201

Improved Security and Reliability in the DNS Provider Discovery Mechanism of Domain Connect Protocol

Domain Connect is a publicly available standard that enables DNS Providers to provide a mechanism for Service Providers to place DNS records on the domain, thus freeing the customer from having to manually set the records. There however exist some security and reliability challenges arising from the current Domain Connect specifications which Service Providers might want to protect themselves from. Specifically the _domainconnect TXT record, in theory, can be compromised to point to a server controlled by a bad actor; the protocol does not provide a facility to shut down DNS Providers known to have downtime or other issues; and the specification also doesn’t enforce URL fields from the settings call to be on the HTTPS scheme. This disclosure describes an allow-list mechanism that mitigates the above-described security and reliability challenges. A wildcard (or regular-expression) check is conducted on the initial server URL returned from following the _domainconnect TXT record for a given domain, e.g., to check the host name in the URL, etc. Subsequent wildcard checks also validate fields that are returned in response to the settings call

Locale-Aware Domain-Connect Specification

Domain Connect is a standard that enables DNS providers to provide a mechanism for service providers to add or update DNS records on the domain, as follows. The service provider redirects their users (owners of domains) to the DNS provider for authentication and authorization, after which the service provider adds or updates the DNS records on behalf of the user. Although it is possible that the service provider interfaces with the user in a way consistent with the user’s locale, the DNS provider might still be incognizant of the user’s locale. Furthermore, even recent versions of the Domain Connect specification don’t provide ways for a DNS provider to leverage the locale information of the user. This disclosure describes techniques that preserve the locale/language as the user is passed along from the service provider to the DNS provider. These techniques enable a locale-specific user experience and a load balancing of traffic to the DNS Provider servers based on the user’s location

Performance Analysis of Optical Communication Systems using OFDM by Employing QPSK Modulation

The high data rate along with good Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of Next Generation Network (NGN) can be fulfilled by using the optical fiber communication networks. At high data rate, dispersion will be the limiting factor which needs to be suitably compensated. Many efforts have been drawn to the development of dispersion compensating devices / techniques to recover or prevent the broadening signal pulse. The Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is very attractive because of its capacity to handle the dispersion causing pulse broadening at the receiver without changing the internal architecture of the system. Thus Integration of Optical Communication Systems with OFDM system appears to be the most suitable technology for the NGN. The work presented here consist of the design, simulation and performance evaluation for the dispersion compensation in optical fiber communication systems using OFDM for high data rate transmission by utilizing the capacity of the optical fiber channel efficiently. The system performance has been analyzed and compared it with the single carrier optical communication systems. Various simulation results show that systems using OFDM can give dynamically tunable compensation of the dispersion by changing the various parameters of the OFDM systems. The work presented here reveals that the use of OFDM can be used to construct cost effective, high data capacity optical communication systems with extended transmission distance by employing dispersion compensation. These systems have the ability of supporting data rate up to 40 Gbps per optical channel and are appropriate for implementation as upgraded long haul high data rate optical Communication systems. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15014

Effect of oral and intravenous hydration therapy on amniotic fluid index, maternal and perinatal outcome in borderline oligohydramnios

Background: The aim was to determine whether oral route of maternal hydration was advantageous over intravenous route in terms of increasing AFI and improving maternal and perinatal outcome in women having borderline oligohydramnios.Methods: At Aarogya hospital, 150 women in third trimester with borderline oligohydramnios (BO) AFI 5.1-8 cm, were divided randomly into two groups, oral hydration group (OG) and intravenous hydration (IVG). Each case was studied on OPD basis. After 2 hours, 48 hours and 1 week of oral or IV hydration. AFI was reassessed by same sonographer. Pre-delivery AFI and various outcome measures were recorded for both groups.Results: There was an increase in AFI by 44.5% in OG from 0 hour till delivery as compared to 30.7% increase in IVG. MSL occurred in 8 (10.7%) women in OG compared to 17 (22.6%) in IVG. FD was found in 4 (5.3%) in OG requiring LSCS compared to 16 (21.3%) in IVG. Total of 59 (78.7%) patients in OG has spontaneous vaginal delivery as compared to 42 (56%) in IVG. Perinatal outcome was better with OG than IVG 67 (89%) had Apgar at 1 min >8 in OG than 58 (77%) in IVG. Apgar score <8 at 1 min was seen in 8 (10.7%) in OG while 17 (22.7 %) in IVG. Overall, 7 (9.3%) required NICU admission in OG and 12 (16%) in IVG.Conclusions: AFI increment persisted longer in OG as compared to IVG. Maternal and perinatal outcome were better with oral hydration therapy than IV hydration

Modeling Hydration Kinetics Of Sustainable Cementitious Binders Using An Advanced Nucleation And Growth Approach

Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are utilized to partially substitute Portland cement (PC) in binders, reducing carbon-footprint and maintaining excellent performance. Nonetheless, predicting the hydration kinetics of [PC + SCM] binders is challenging for current analytical models due to the extensive diversity of chemical compositions and molecular structures present in both SCMs and PC. This study develops an advanced phase boundary nucleation and growth (pBNG) model to yield a priori predictions of hydration kinetics—i.e., time-resolved exothermic heat release profiles—of [PC + SCM] binders. The advanced pBNG model integrates artificial intelligence as an add-on, enabling it to accurately simulate hydration kinetics for [PC + SCM] binders. This study utilizes a database that includes calorimetry profiles of 710 [PC + SCM] binders, encompassing a diverse range of commonly used SCMs as well as both commercial and synthetic PCs. The results show that the advanced pBNG model predicts the heat evolution profiles of [PC + SCM] in a high-fidelity manner

CyCLIP: Cyclic Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining

Recent advances in contrastive representation learning over paired image-text data have led to models such as CLIP that achieve state-of-the-art performance for zero-shot classification and distributional robustness. Such models typically require joint reasoning in the image and text representation spaces for downstream inference tasks. Contrary to prior beliefs, we demonstrate that the image and text representations learned via a standard contrastive objective are not interchangeable and can lead to inconsistent downstream predictions. To mitigate this issue, we formalize consistency and propose CyCLIP, a framework for contrastive representation learning that explicitly optimizes for the learned representations to be geometrically consistent in the image and text space. In particular, we show that consistent representations can be learned by explicitly symmetrizing (a) the similarity between the two mismatched image-text pairs (cross-modal consistency); and (b) the similarity between the image-image pair and the text-text pair (in-modal consistency). Empirically, we show that the improved consistency in CyCLIP translates to significant gains over CLIP, with gains ranging from 10%-24% for zero-shot classification accuracy on standard benchmarks (CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, ImageNet1K) and 10%-27% for robustness to various natural distribution shifts. The code is available at https://github.com/goel-shashank/CyCLIP.Comment: 19 pages, 13 tables, 6 figures, Oral at NeuRIPS 202